Effects of User’s Perceived Security on their Usage of...

With the innovative changes in everyday life since the creation of the internet, the banking sector is no exception. The creation of value-added services through the internet such as online transactions and online banking, the traditional landscape of banking has been transformed to new lengths. Day to day banking and similar financial transactions through the digital medium have positively affected the live of many due to the derived benefits such convenience to complete financial transactions at their leisure. Banking institutes are often associated with having high levels of trust in relation security and privacy factors with regard to its physical environment. However this perceived notion has yet to be associated to the digital†¦show more content†¦As a result private and commercial users of such facilities are required to place more emphasis on safeguarding their financial well-being. Breaches in confidential data security and financial theft through online banking facilities are of major concern to financial institutes. Concerns of data security and identity theft are of utmost importance given the increased trend towards mobile banking. Continuity and evolution of online banking services depends on financial institutes ability to convince its users that the same or similar security mechanisms in relation to the physical banking setting applies to the digital realm. As a result there is a need for financial institutes to create a balance between security, trust as well as usability in relation to online banking facilities. Consumers’ trust has been identified as a vital element for the success of electronic banking. Due to the uncertain nature perceived by online banking users, such issues affect trust; particularly security and privacy of data have an impact on the development of electronic banking services (Maijala, V. (2004)). The hype and excitement one feels when purchasing one feels when purchasing products online is often diminished when payment is about to be made largely due to their concernsShow MoreRelatedCommerce Is A System Or An Environment That Affects The Business Prospects Of Economics4541 Words   |  19 Pagesthrough the aids to trade. Consumer get information about different goods through advertisement and salesman ship . 4. Generals employment opportunities The growth of commerce, and industry and trade bring about the growth of agencies of trade such as banking, transport, ware housing, advertising etc. These agencies needs people to look after their functioning 5. Increase nation income and wealth When products increase, at a same time that national income also increase. For the developed country manufacturingRead MoreA Study of How to Promote the Use of Mobile Payment4519 Words   |  19 Pagesuse of mobile payment This example is for discussion, not used as a model of good report Table of Contents 1 Title 1 2 Aim 1 3 Objectives 1 4 Background 2 5 Critical review of relevant literature 3 5.1. Basic Mobile Payment Types 3 5.1.1. Mobile Fees Account Payment 3 5.1.2. Bank Card Mobile Payment 3 5.1.3. Token based Mobile Payment 4 5.2. Mobile payment choice 5 5.3. Factors that influence mobile payment 5 5.3.1. Stability of mobile network facilities 6 5.3.2Read MoreOnline Banking42019 Words   |  169 PagesInternet Banking Table of Contents Chapter–1– Introduction 0 Chapter–2– Internet Banking a new medium 7 Chapter--3 - International experience 19 Chapter -4 -The Indian Scenario 33 Chapter- 5- Types of risks associated with Internet banking 41 Chapter- 6- Technology And Security Standards For Internet - Banking 49 Chapter -7 - Legal Issues involved in Internet Banking 74 Chapter- 8- Regulatory and supervisory concerns 84 Chapter–9 - Recommendations 98 Annexure 1 111 Annexure 2 112 Read MoreFactors Influencing the Adoption of Mobile Banking49642 Words   |  199 PagesFactors influencing the use of Mobile Banking: The case of SMS-based Mobile Banking offered CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Mobile banking is an application of mobile computing which provides customers with the support needed to be able to bank anywhere, anytime using a mobile handheld device and a mobile service such as text messaging (SMS). Mobile banking removes space and time limitations from banking activities such as checking account balances, or transferring money from one account to another. InRead MoreFactors Influencing Enhanced Data Security Essay9883 Words   |  40 Pages Factors influencing enhanced data security in Management Information Systems of Commercial Banks in Nairobi, Kenya James MurageKweri D53/CTY/PT/20805/2010 August, 2012 DECLARATION I declare that this is my original work and has not been submitted in any other university or institution for examination. Signature Date (James MurageKweri) (D53/CTY/PT/20805/2010) This research proposal has been presented for examinationRead MoreFactors Influencing the Adoption of Mobile Banking49628 Words   |  199 PagesFactors influencing the use of Mobile Banking: The case of SMS-based Mobile Banking offered CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Mobile banking is an application of mobile computing which provides customers with the support needed to be able to bank anywhere, anytime using a mobile handheld device and a mobile service such as text messaging (SMS). Mobile banking removes space and time limitations from banking activities such as checking account balances, or transferring money from one account to anotherRead MoreInternet and Ebusiness Essay10788 Words   |  44 PagesOn Internet And E Business Topic: Understanding the scope of E Business Prepared By : Fayza Firoz Ziaul Asif Chowdhury HND- In Business (Finance) FutureED Corporation Prepared For : Fayza Firoz Course Instructor of Internet And E Business FutureED Corporation I am very thankful to everyone who all supported me, for I have completed my assignment on Internet and E business effectively and moreover on time. I am equally grateful to my teacher MrsRead MoreNon-Store Retailing9425 Words   |  38 Pagesretailing is a form of retailing in which sales are made to consumers without using physical stores. The non-store retailers are known by medium they use to communicate with their customers, such as direct marketing, direct selling and vending machines or e-tailing. Non store retailing is patronised to time conscious consumers and consumers who cant easily go to stores, or compulsive buyers. Most non-store retailers offer consumers the convenience of buying 24 hours a day seven days a week and deliveryRead MoreManagement Information Systems22991 Words   |  92 Pagesdigital dashboard to provide managers with real-time information such as customer complaints is an example of: A) improved flexibility. B) improved decision-making. C) improved efficiency. D) customer and supplier intimacy. 7) The move of retail banking to use ATMs after Citibank unveiled its first ATMs illustrates the information system business objective of: A) improved efficiency. B) customer and supplier intimacy. C) survival. D) competitive advantage. 8) An information system can be definedRead MoreAmazon Strategy15987 Words   |  64 Pages...... 68 2 1.0 Executive Summary This report has been designed to provide Amazon.com with a strategic plan for their global operations within the e-retailing industry. Amazon.com is a leading e-retailer and is a globally recognised brand, but is facing increasing competition from bricks and mortar companies setting up an online presence and current eretailers increasing their geographical and product scope. The internal and external analysis reveals that Amazon.com has been under-performing

Social Institutions Health Care Essay - 918 Words

Social Institutions: Health Care Heather Richardson SOC 101: Introduction to Sociology Dr. Christine Nortz Social Institutions: Health Care America has a highly developed health care system, which is available to all people. Although it can be a very complex and trying subject, it has come a long way from the health care systems of yesterday. Most health care facilities of yesterday, the sick were housed and cared for until death. Doctors rarely practiced in the hospital setting and only those that were fortunate could afford health care in the home setting. Today, the level of health care has excelled tremendously. Sociologists have been a key to the ongoing research in the health care system. In researching the scientific†¦show more content†¦The Interactionists views everyone as an â€Å"actor† forsay, which play an active role. They are also similar in saying that the health care system is for the common good. They study different aspects of the system to try and improve for the future. The conflict and the interactionists hold many similarites. The conflict looks for the inequality and tension within the system. The interactionist can help by noting the specific relationship one may have with their physiscian and note that the physician does not care for their patient adequetly. Although they are all in it for the improvement, they are also very differet. While a functionalist looks to see the person as a working part of a system and if they are ill, they could possibly fail the system, the conflict theory says that the health care system is the one to blame. The more neutral of the theories, the interactionist just looks at the patient and physician relationsip. They all look at different aspects of the system. With the conflict theory, the health care system is under a constant miscroscope. If the goal is to point out inequality and tension within a system, then someone will be pointed out in the end. It is claimed by the conflict theoris t that the health care system has caused medicalization to society. The health care system has a social control. Because medicine has become so advacned, it has become difficult for the non-health care field to get directly involved in treatment. ThatShow MoreRelatedThe Health Of Health Care983 Words   |  4 PagesHealth care has evolved throughout the years. The factors that have made health care evolve are the costs of health insurance, research on the advancement of medicine and diseases, technology, etc. Regardless of the factors, health and medicine have acknowledged and treated illnesses that society at one point may have thought cureless. But what is better than treating a disease or any kind of harm, physically and psychologically? Preventing it. Preventive care is like the guardian angel on people’sRead MoreConsidering Rawls Assumption That The Main Body Responsible For Distributing The Rights Essay1317 Words   |  6 Pagesbody responsible for distributing the ri ghts and duties in the society are the institutions, it is important to define what are the rights and duties that the institutions are responsible for guaranteeing. According to Miller (1999, p. 7) the advantages, or rights that should be distributed by the institutions are the following: money and commodities, property, jobs, education, medical care, child benefits and child care, personal security, housing, transportation, and leisure opportunities. On theRead MoreThe Role of Human Resource in Healthcare1011 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Human resource department is significant in the health care industry. This is because it necessitates the delivery of quality health care from a consumer perspective, physicians, regulators, employees and payers. It is vital that human resources department gives room for working closely with all parties in the organization. This ensures that the health institution becomes successful. The department works closely with all employees to assist a person to understand their responsibilitiesRead More Defining Goffmans Total Institution Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesexamine how far Lennox castle hospital was an example of what Goffman called a ‘Total Institution’ I will first need to explore Goffman’s definition of this, along with the four factors that he identified as characteristics of a ‘Total institution’ I will then go on to discuss how these four factors fit with Lennox castle hospital and determine whether or not it fell into Goffman’s model of a ‘Total Institution.’ In order to discuss how Goffman’s four factors fit with Lennox castle hospital IRead MoreHealth Disparities And Health Care For Minorities917 Words   |  4 Pagesto worse care for minorities is an article from U.S News world report on the website http://health.usnews.com/health-news/patient-advice/articles/2016-02-11/racial-bias-in-medicine-leads-to-worse-care-for-minorities. In this article, the experience of a medical doctor is used to shed light on the subject of racial bias/ discrimination in health care and how it is affecting health outcome of racial and ethnic minority. â€Å"Race or ethnic group is a major social factor that influences health in the URead MoreSummary Statement. In The 19Th Century, The Government1558 Words   |  7 PagesGovernment of Canada opened the first institution in 1876, for people with developmental disability just outside of Orillia. The facility had 2,600 residents by the year, 1968. The number of institutions and the residents were growing continually in the early 1970s. By 1976, after the Developmental Services Act was passed, 16 institutions were operated by the Government of Ontario. More than 10,000 people with developmental disability received the necessary care. After someone moves from an institutionalRead MoreRole And Functions Of International Lending Institutions842 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch paper will also discuss the degree to which the leadership of your chosen country has used foreign aid to improve its health care system. Moreover, in the context of this research paper, USA is selected. Role of International Lending Institutions International lending institutions such as IMF and World Bank perform a lot of significant role in the economic, political, social development by providing monetary assistance and other support. In addition to this, these organizations are also providingRead MoreSexual Minority Women854 Words   |  4 Pagesin health care access, utilization and health outcomes among racial and sexual minority women, the current study seeks to address existing gaps and offer directions for health promotion and future research in this area. This is a retrospective comparison study, examining the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health care seeking behaviors; and the moderating effect of sexual orientation and racial identity on this relationship. Comparative analysis of two medical institutions willRead MoreCritical Analysis - The Models of Public Policy Essay example1278 Words   |  6 Pagesgoals and the means of achieving them within a specified situation where those situations showed in public policy be within the power of those actors to achieve. In this case, public policy involves making policies that are involved in enhancing health care reforms in the Canadian situation. Policies are often as a result of a multiple decisions but multiple decisions taken by multiple decision makers through government organs. There are certain essential components necessary to ensure the successRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Nursing1245 Words   |  5 PagesThe health of different communities is pro to some challenges. Ranging from Infectious diseases, such as Hepatitis and other communicable diseases, and this can get out of control in many civilized town settings. Kids and infant health and well-being are threatened by preventable infections and diseases, society toxins, waste, violence, accidents, and injuries. Inequality in access to health care programs and insurance coverage has notably increased sickness and mortality among infants, pregnant

Does Shakespeare cause us to feel pity or contempt for Shylock in The Merchant of Venice Essay Example For Students

Does Shakespeare cause us to feel pity or contempt for Shylock in The Merchant of Venice? Essay Shakespeares Merchant of Venice is a comedy which is set in Venice and Belmont. The play contains a great variety of characters. For example, Antonio a merchant of Venice, Bassanio Antonios best friend who is also in love with Portia, Portia an heiress of Belmont and Shylock a Jew and a moneylender. The basic story line of the play is that Antonio needs to borrow money but the only person he can borrow it off is a Jew called Shylock and as Antonio was a Christian, the time when this was set Christians and Jews were fighting. Shylock forms a plan to get at Antonio because he was rich. At first we feel pity for Shylock when hes persecuted for being a Jew. Everyone seems to hate Shylock just because he is a Jew. We feel pity for him because it seems even his daughter who he loves very much hates him. Shylock hates Antonio because he is a Christian and when Bassanio suggests that Shylock should dine with them he replies with a sarcastic comment. Yes, to smell pork; to eat of the habitations which your prophet the Nazarite conjured the devil into. Pork is forbidden meat to the Jews and Shylock thinks they will eat pork in front of him because they are Christian. Christians have always persecuted Jews because Jews killed Jesus, so Shylock is seeking revenge. When Shylocks world begins to fall apart, a modern day audience may have much sympathy for him. Shylocks daughter Jessica is in love with a Christian and she desserts her father to be with her lover, which not only means he will be alone he will have the shame of his name being carried on in a Christian family. This also means he will never see her again. When Jessica is saying goodbye to Shylocks servant she says things like I am sorry thou wilt leave my father so Shylocks servant also ends up leaving him because in the end he is left with a choice out of working with his evil master or Bassanio and he chooses Bassanio. However, Shylocks cunning and deceitful nature causes us to have contempt for him. When Shylock agrees to lend Antonio the money his part of the deal was that if Antonio didnt pay back all the money in time he would get to cut off an equal pound of his flesh. Shylocks speech that tries to make us feel sorry for him has some main points in it. Firstly he points out that Antonio has insulted him and his friends and that he did this just because of his religion. Secondly that Jews are human like everyone else so a Jew should be allowed revenge just as a Christian. Then he finishes by saying he will now treat Antonio as he treat others. Furthermore, Shylocks lack of mercy indicates that he is an evil character who wants revenge at any price. Shylock threatens him because Antonio just  borrowed money without making sure he could repay it in time and Shylock is angry with him. Now that the date has past that Antonio has to pay him has past Shylock wants a pound of flesh like the bond stipulates. Shylock is adamant in refusing the money he is owed he just wants a pound of flesh which suggests that Shylock never wanted the money he just wanted revenge on Antonio. Shakespeares own prejudice is evident in the way that the Jewish religion is shown in the play. The Jewish stereotype in those days was mainly greedy people. He also refers to the conversion of Jews to Christianity as a happy ending which shows prejudice in its self because it refers as Christianity as a superior race. Shylock is so stubborn about achieving justice and Antonio the same for mercy. But it ends up back firing in Shylocks face when the court says you may take your pound of flesh but if you draw blood we will put you in prison because no blood was stipulated in the bond. As this is impossible Antonio ends up with all his flesh and doesnt have to pay back any of the money. .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .postImageUrl , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:hover , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:visited , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:active { border:0!important; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:active , .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739 .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc813519ec67c6e77993cc44eb5533739:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Examine how Shakespeare uses key features of language to create tension, drama and atmosphere in Act 1 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet EssayI think Shylock is a very cunning character because he will try anything to get revenge at Antonio but doesnt plan it to carefully. Although I am made to feel sorry for him at times I think he is an overall nasty, angry and cunning character. By the end of the story if have no pity for him.

Correspondence Procedures free essay sample

For administrative assistance, have your training officer or NCO log on to the MCI home page at www. mci. usmc. mil. Marines CONUS may call toll free 1-800-MCI-USMC. Marines worldwide may call commercial (202) 6857596 or DSN 325-7596. MCI Course 0131K iii (This page intentionally left blank. ) MCI Course 0131K iv Study Guide Congratulations Congratulations on your enrollment in a distance education course from the Distance Learning and Technologies Department (DLTD) of the Marine Corps Institute (MCI). Since 1920, the Marine Corps Institute has been helping tens of thousands of hard-charging Marines, like you, improve their technical job performance skills through distance learning. By enrolling in this course, you have shown a desire to improve the skills you have and master new skills to enhance your job performance. The distance learning course you have chosen, MCI 0131K, Correspondence Procedures, provides instruction to all Marines having administrative duties. This course consists of providing basic information on methods of preparing, typing, and filing correspondence. †¢ Your Personal Characteristics YOU ARE PROPERLY MOTIVATED. You have made a positive decision to get training on your own. Self-motivation is perhaps the most important force in learning or achieving anything. Doing whatever is necessary to learn is motivation. You have it! YOU SEEK TO IMPROVE YOURSELF. You are enrolled to improve those skills you already possess, and to learn new skills. When you improve yourself, you improve the Corps! YOU HAVE THE INITIATIVE TO ACT. By acting on your own, you have shown you are a self-starter, willing to reach out for opportunities to learn and grow. YOU ACCEPT CHALLENGES. You have self-confidence and believe in your ability to acquire knowledge and skills. You have the selfconfidence to set goals and the ability to achieve them, enabling you to meet every challenge. YOU ARE ABLE TO SET AND ACCOMPLISH PRACTICAL GOALS. You are willing to commit time, effort, and the resources necessary to set and accomplish your goals. These professional traits will help you successfully complete this distance learning course. Continued on next page †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ MCI Course 0131K v Study Guide, Continued Beginning Your Course Before you actually begin this course of study, read the student information page. If you find any course materials missing, notify your training officer or training NCO. If you have all the required materials, you are ready to begin. To begin your course of study, familiarize yourself with the structure of the course text. One way to do this is to read the table of contents. Notice the table of contents covers specific areas of study and the order in which they are presented. You will find the text divided into several study units. Each study unit is comprised of two or more lessons and lesson exercises. Leafing Through the Text Leaf through the text and look at the course. Read a few lesson exercise questions to get an idea of the type of material in the course. If the course has additional study aids, such as a handbook or plotting board, familiarize yourself with them. The First Study Unit Turn to the first page of study unit 1. On this page, you will find an introduction to the study unit and generally the first study unit lesson. Study unit lessons contain learning objectives, lesson text, and exercises. Reading the Learning Objectives Learning objectives describe in concise terms what the successful learner, you, will be able to do as a result of mastering the content of the lesson text. Read the objectives for each lesson and then read the lesson text. As you read the lesson text, make notes on the points you feel are important. Completing the Exercises To determine your mastery of the learning objectives and text, complete the exercises developed for you. Exercises are located at the end of each lesson, and at the end of each study unit. Without referring to the text, complete the exercise questions and then check your responses against those provided. Continued on next page MCI Course 0131K vi Study Guide, Continued Continuing to March Continue on to the next lesson, repeating the above process until you have completed all lessons in the study unit. Follow the same procedures for each study unit in the course. Preparing for the Final Exam To prepare for your final exam, you must review what you learned in the course. The following suggestions will help make the review interesting and challenging. †¢ CHALLENGE YOURSELF. Try to recall the entire learning sequence without referring to the text. Can you do it? Now look back at the text to see if you have left anything out. This review should be interesting. Undoubtedly, you’ll find you were not able to recall everything. But with a little effort, you’ll be able to recall a great deal of the information. USE UNUSED MINUTES. Use your spare moments to review. Read your notes or a part of a study unit, rework exercise items, review again; you can do many of these things during the unused minutes of every day. APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED. It is always best to use the skill or knowledge you’ve learned as soon as possible. If it isn’t possible to actually use the skill or knowledge, at least try to imagine a situation in which you would apply this learning. For example make up and solve your own problems. Or, better still, make up and solve problems that use most of the elements of a study unit. USE THE â€Å"SHAKEDOWN CRUISE† TECHNIQUE. Ask another Marine to lend a hand by asking you questions about the course. Choose a particular study unit and let your buddy â€Å"fire away. † This technique can be interesting and challenging for both of you! MAKE REVIEWS FUN AND BENEFICIAL. Reviews are good habits that enhance learning. They don’t have to be long and tedious. In fact, some learners find short reviews conducted more often prove more beneficial. Continued on next page †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ MCI Course 0131K vii Study Guide, Continued Tackling the Final Exam When you have completed your study of the course material and are confident with the results attained on your study unit exercises, take the sealed envelope marked â€Å"FINAL EXAM† to your unit training NCO or training officer. Your training NCO or officer will administer the final examination and return the examination and the answer sheet to MCI for grading. Before taking your final examination, read the directions on the DP-37 answer sheet carefully. Completing Your Course The sooner you complete your course, the sooner you can better yourself by applying what you’ve learned! HOWEVERyou do have 2 years from the date of enrollment to complete this course. Graduating! As a graduate of this distance education course and as a dedicated Marine, your job performance skills will improve, benefiting you, your unit, and the Marine Corps. Semper Fidelis! MCI Course 0131K viii STUDY UNIT 1 NAVAL WRITING STANDARDS Overview Understanding and applying naval writing standards is critical for commands to properly communicate with one another. Correspondence must be clearly presented, grammatically correct, and easily understood by the reader. This study unit will provide you with the knowledge needed to properly write naval correspondence. Upon completion of this study unit, you should be able to apply the principles and standards of naval correspondence, proper writing techniques, and stationery and typeface rules. This study unit contains the following lessons: Lesson Proper Writing Techniques Principles and Standards of Naval Correspondence Revising Correspondence See Page 1-3 1-39 1-57 Scope Contents In This Study Unit MCI Course 0131K 1-1 Study Unit 1 (This page intentionally left blank. ) MCI Course 0131K 1-2 Study Unit 1 LESSON 1 PROPER WRITING TECHNIQUES Introduction Whether writing formal or informal correspondence, you must clearly state the message so the reader easily understands it. In this lesson, you will learn basic grammar rules and techniques for clear and effective writing. Upon completion of this lesson, you should be able to †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Use proper punctuation in correspondence. Use proper capitalization in correspondence. Use proper spelling in correspondence. Properly organize writing. Apply active voice to correspondence. Scope Learning Objectives In This Lesson This lesson contains the following topics: Topic Introduction Background Punctuation Capitalization Spelling Organized Writing Natural Writing Economical Writing Active Voice Lesson 1 Exercise See Page 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-9 1-14 1-17 1-21 1-27 1-31 1-35 MCI Course 0131K 1-3 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Background Information for this study unit came from the following reference material. †¢ SECNAVINST 5216. 5D, Department of the Navy Correspondence Manual, specifically Chapter 3, Naval Writing Standards References United States Air Force Academy Executive Writing Course †¢ United States Government Printing Office Style Manual, viewable online at http://www. gpoaccess. gov/stylemanual/browse. html Note: The Department of the Navy Correspondence Manual is commonly referred to as the Navy Correspondence Manual. Guidance All Marines who draft, review, or sign correspondence should read and follow the naval writi ng standards outlined in chapter 3 of the Navy Correspondence Manual. MCI Course 0131K 1-4 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Punctuation This lesson covers punctuation most commonly used in naval correspondence. For assistance with punctuation not covered here or for additional information, check out the U. S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, any good dictionary, or enroll in MCI Course 0119H, Punctuation. Use an apostrophe (’) to show possession. To show possession for a singular word, put an ’s at the end of the word. However, if the word ends in s, put an ’s or an ’at the end. †¢ Corporal Lake’s rifle is clean. †¢ Corporal Harris’s rifle is clean. †¢ Corporal Jones’ rifle is clean. To show possession for a plural word that ends in s, put ’ at the end. For a plural word that does not end in s, put ’s at the end. The corporals’ rifles are clean. †¢ The fire alarm is on the wall next to the men’s locker room. To show two people or groups possess the same object, put ’s or ’ at the end of the second person or group, depending on the singular or plural case. †¢ Sergeant P epper and Corporal Lake’s room is clean. †¢ The sergeants and corporals’ billeting building is clean. To show two people or groups possess different objects, put ’s or ’ at the end of both names or groups, depending on the singular or plural nature. †¢ Corporal Wilson’s and Private Smith’s uniforms are wrinkled. The sergeants’ and corporals’ rooms are spotless. Note: For any of the above rules, if the second s makes the word difficult to pronounce, use only the apostrophe. Continued on next page General Apostrophe MCI Course 0131K 1-5 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Punctuation, Continued Do not use an apostrophe to indicate possession by anything other than persons or animals. †¢ The objective of this letter (not this letter’s objective) †¢ The muzzle of the weapon (not the weapon’s muzzle) Exceptions are in the following table: Expressions of Time a week’s leave a month’s stay Colon Apos trophe with Possessive Objects Expressions of Value fifty dollars’ worth a nickel’s worth Set Expressions or Idioms a hair’s breadth a snowball’s chance Use a colon (:) †¢ To introduce a list Attendees must bring the following items: notepad, pen, pencil, and a three-ring binder. †¢ Before an explanation Our mess hall is very convenient for lunch: The line always moves fast. Note: Capital letter on â€Å"The†Ã¢â‚¬â€it begins a complete sentence. †¢ Before a direct quotation When questioned, the captain reverted to the standard answer: â€Å"No comment. † Note: Capital letter on â€Å"No†Ã¢â‚¬â€it begins a quotation. †¢ In the salutation of a business letter Dear Ms. Jones: Continued on next page MCI Course 0131K 1-6 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Punctuation, Continued Use a hyphen (-) to connect elements of certain compound words. This table (derived from MCI Course 0119H, Punctuation) lists some of the more common rules: Rule Use a hyphen in compound adjectives that precede a noun but not in those that follow nouns. Example The weapons of twentieth-century warfare differ greatly from those of the nineteenth century. Hyphens Note: The noun is warfare. In a series of hyphenated adjectives The report must contain short- and with the same second word, you may long-range plans. mit that word (but not the hyphen) in all but the last adjective of the series. Use a hyphen after the prefix all-, Senator-elect Stephens will be the ex-, self- , quasi-, and before the guest speaker at the all-important suffix -elect. seminar on self-control. Use a hyphen if a compound word Sun Tzu was a pre-eminent (not would otherwise create a double preeminent) theorist on war. vowel, a triple consonant, or a word that would be difficult to pronounce. Use a hyphen to write out fractions One hundred thirty-four Marines in words and to write out whole (one-half of the company) attended numbers from 21 to 99. he safety class. Semicolon Use a semicolon (;) to separate items that contain commas. Here are some examples: †¢ The guest speakers were Colonel Williams, an OIF veteran; Sergeant Major Jones, an OEF veteran; and First Sergeant Smith, a Desert Storm veteran. †¢ The itinerary will include visits to Des Moines, Iowa; Omaha, Nebraska; and Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Continued on next page MCI Course 0131K 1-7 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Punctuation, Continued Rewrite the following sentences using correct punctuation in the spaces provided. Check your answers against the solutions at the bottom of the page. This directives purpose is to outline the steps for completing the AA Form. ______________________________________________________________ _________ _____________________________________________________ †¢ Thirty-three Marines violated the colonels order not to consume alcohol. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Practice Practice Solutions Check your answers against these solutions. †¢ The purpose of this directive is to outline the steps for completing the AA Form. The â€Å"directive† is neither a person nor an animal and does not qualify to receive an apostrophe to possess â€Å"purpose. † You must rewrite the sentence. †¢ Thirty-three Marines violated the colonel’s order not to consume alcohol. â€Å"Thirty-three† is a whole number between 21 and 99 so it is correctly written with a hyphen. The colonel possesses the â€Å"order† and needs an apostrophe to indicate that. Practice Summary If you changed the sentences using correct punctuation, continue to the next topic. If not, review this topic and take the challenge again. MCI Course 0131K 1-8 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Capitalization There are far too many capitalization rules to cover each one in detail. This lesson will cover a few. You can find more rules and examples in the U. S. Government Printing Office Style Manual or in MCI Course 0119H, Punctuation. Always capitalize the first letter of the first word of a sentence. †¢ The telephone is on the desk. †¢ Tomorrow is another day. First Letter of Direct Quotation General First Letter of Sentence Capitalize the first letter of the first word of a direct quotation if the quotation is a complete sentence. †¢ The colonel said, â€Å"We will taste victory. † †¢ Have you heard the expression, â€Å"death before dishonor? The d in death is not capitalized because the quoted phrase is not a complete sentence. Continued on next page MCI Course 0131K 1-9 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Capitalization, Continued The term proper refers to nouns that belong to specific persons, places, or things. This table contains examples of proper nouns: Condition Proper Noun Days, Months, Official Holidays, †¢ Monday and Periods of Time †¢ November †¢ Veteran’s Day †¢ Middle Ages Historic Events †¢ Revolutionary War †¢ World War I †¢ Battle of Second Manassas Military Operations †¢ Operation Enduring Freedom †¢ Operation Iraqi Freedom †¢ Desert Storm Organizations †¢ American Red Cross †¢ Disabled American Veterans †¢ World Health Organization Persons †¢ Archibald Henderson †¢ Al Gray †¢ Lee Trevino Places †¢ Iowa; State of Iowa †¢ Asia †¢ U. S. Capitol building Note: Capitalize the C in Capitol when referring to the building in Washington, DC. †¢ Cherokee †¢ Hispanic †¢ English †¢ Urdu Proper Nouns Races, Ethnicities, and Languages Proper Adjectives Proper adjectives are adjectives derived from proper names. †¢ The American way of life. †¢ The Eastern United States is heavily populated. Continued on next page MCI Course 0131K 1-10 Study Unit 1, Lesson 1 Capitalization, Continued Always use a capital letter for a military rank or civilian title when preceding a name, but not general references. †¢ The colonel asked Captain Jones to meet with Mayor Smith this afternoon about the governor’s visit to the base. †¢ I questioned Mr. Smith about missing his doctor’s appointment with Dr. Jones. Capitalize titles that follow or replace a person’s name if the title is one of high distinction. †¢ George W. Bush, President of the United States †¢ The President of the United States or Mr. President †¢ General Hagee, Commandant of the Marine Corps Do not capitalize titles that are not of high distinction. Master Sergeant Johnson, treasurer of the club †¢ Mr. John Smith, executive secretary Military Abbreviations Titles In official military correspondence, capitalize all letters of authorized abbreviations (with periods). Words and Definitions accept: to believe or to receive except: to exclude affect: to influence (verb) effect: the result of an action (noun) or the act of causing change (noun) capital: official seat (city) of government or asset (money or property) or upper-case letter or extremely serious capitol: building for state legislature it’s: it is its: belonging to it lose: to be deprived of loose: free, not fastened personal: belonging to a particular person personnel: body of people in an organization or office concerned with the body of people in an organization their: belonging to them there: in, to, or toward that place they’re: they are than: to show comparison or an alternative then: a reference to time (past or future) or in that case; accordingly or in addition; moreover The war had a despairing effect on him, but it did not affect me the same way. West Virginia opened its first capitol building eight years after Charleston was named the state capital. It’s ti me for the committee to release its report. You might lose your shoe if you don’t tighten that loose shoestring. Do not leave personal belongings in the waiting area of the personnel office. When Bob and June get there, they’re going to realize their tickets are still on the coffee table. I saw the rifle range results and then realized I scored lower than the average. Additional Help Enroll in MCI Course 0118K, Spelling, or look in a desktop dictionary for more help with spelling.